Table 12.38 Effects of Bromocriptine on Executive Functioning
by Camila | Dec 12, 2018
Table 12.38 Effects of Bromocriptine on Executive Functioning
Author/ Year/ Country/ Study Design/ N |
Methods |
Outcomes |
Whyte et al. (2008)
USA
RCT
PEDro=7
N=12 |
Population: Moderate/ Severe TBI; Mean Age=35.75 yr; Gender: Male=8, Female=4; Median Time Post Injury=3.3 yr.
Treatment: In a crossover design, participants were randomly assigned to receive bromocriptine (1.25 mg 2×/day titrated to 5 mg 2×/day over a 1wk), followed by placebo or the reverse order. Each lasted 4 wk with a 1 wk washout period.
Outcome Measure: Attention Tasks. |
- Though some improvements were observed in certain subtests of attentional tasks (e.g. speed decline, decline in responding, test of everyday attention), they were not significant.
- Overall results suggest bromocriptine had little effect on attention.
|
McDowell et al. (1998)
USA
RCT
PEDro=4
N=24 |
Population: TBI; Median Age=32.5 yr; Gender: Male=20, Female=4; GCS Range=3-8; Time Post injury Range=27 days-300 mo.
Treatment: In a crossover design, participants were randomly assigned to receive 2.5 mg bromocriptine (2.5 mg) then placebo, or receive treatment in the reverse order.
Outcome Measure: Dual-task paradigm (counting and digit span), Stroop Test, spatial delayed-response task, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), reading span test, Trail Making Test (TMT), controlled oral word association test (COWAT), and control tasks. |
- Following bromocriptine treatment there were significant improvements on the dual-task counting (p=0.028), dual-task digit span (p=0.016), TMT (p=0.013), Stroop Test (p=0.05), COWAT (p=0.02), and WCST (p=0.041).
- Bromocriptine had no significant effects on working memory (e.g. spatial delayed-response task and reading span test; p=0.978), or on control tasks (p=0.095).
|
Powell et al. (1996)
UK
Case Series
N=11 |
Population: TBI=8, SAH=3; Mean Age=36 yr; Gender: Male=6, Female=5; Time Post Injury Range=2 mo-5 yr.
Treatment: Patients received bromocriptine (a maximum dose of 5-10 mg/day). Patient assessments included two baseline evaluations (BL1 and BL2), evaluation when stabilized at maximum bromocriptine dose (MAXBROMO), and two post withdrawal evaluations (POST1 and POST2).
Outcome Measure: Percentage participation index (PPI), spontaneity, motivation, card arranging reward responsivity objective test (CARROT), digit span, Buschke selective reminding test (BSRT), verbal fluency, and hospital anxiety and depression scale. |
- Reported PPI (p<0.0001), motivation, and spontaneity (both p<0.005) increased significantly from BL2 to MAXBROMO. Improvements were seen in CARROT as well (p<0.0001).
- Significant improvements were observed from BL2 to MAXBROMO on the digit span (p<0.001), BSRT (p<0.01), and verbal fluency (p<0.001). Scores on all three tests decreased (non-significant) from MAXBROMO to POST1, scores recovered to near MAXBROMO levels by POST2.
- Bromocriptine was not associated with improvements in mood state.
|
PEDro=Physiotherapy Evidence Database rating scale score (
Moseley et al., 2002).