Table 16.2 Functional Outcomes Post TBI based on Age and Severity of Injury
|
Author Year Country Research Design PEDro Sample Size |
Sample Characteristics | Study Findings | |
| Outcome at Discharge | |||
|
(2000) Australia Case Series N=191 |
Patients >66yr old, CGS 3-15 incoming, recovery at discharge by GOS |
GOS 4-5 GCS 3-8=0.0% GCS 9-12=27.5% GCS 13-15=73.5% |
GOS 1-2 GCS 3-8=87.8% GCS 9-12=31% GCS 13-15=13.3% |
|
(1993) USA Observational N=169 |
Patients 20-40 and >60yr old, GCS <5 incoming, recovery at discharge by GOS |
GOS 4-5 <40yr=38% >60yr=2% |
GOS 1-2 <40yr=44% >60yr=93% |
|
Kotwica & Jakubowski (1992) Poland Case Series N=136 |
Patients >70yr old, GCS 3-15 incoming, recovery at discharge by GOS |
GOS 4-5 GCS 3-8=4% GCS 9-12=28% GCS 13-15=80% |
GOS 1-2 GCS 3-8=91% GCS 9-12=40% GCS 13-15=20% |
|
(1986) Scotland Cohort N=2,019 |
Patients <65 and >65yr old, GCS scores 3-14 incoming, recovery at 1 mo post injury by GOS |
GOS 4-5 GCS 3-7 <65yr=22% >65yr=4% GCS 8-12 <65yr=86% >65yr=46% GCS 13-14 <65yr=99% >65yr=96% |
GOS 1-3 GCS 3-7 <65yr=78% >65yr=96% GCS 8-12 <65yr=14% >65yr=55% GCS 13-14 <65yr=1% >65yr=4% |
| Outcome at 6 Months Post Injury | |||
|
(2009) The Netherlands Case Series N=310 |
Patients >65yr old, AIS 4-5 incoming, recovery at 6 mo post injury by GOS |
AIS 4-5 GOS 1-2=8% GOS 3=49.5% GOS 4=11% GOS 5=31.5% |
|
|
(2008) India Case Series N=1,071 |
Patients 20-40 and >70yr old, GCS 3-15 pre-operative, recovery at 6 mo post surgery |
GOS 4-5 GCS 3-8 20-40yr=42.1% >70yr=3.0% GCS 9-12 20-40yr=72.5% >70yr=14.3% GCS 13-15 20-40yr=90.0% >70yr=80% |
GOS 1-2 GCS 3-8 20-40yr=42.6% >70yr=96.9% GCS 9-12 20-40yr=21.1% >70yr=85.7% GCS 13-15 20-40yr=7.6% >70yr=0% |
|
(2000) Spain Case Study N=810 |
Patients 14-64 and >65yr old, GCS <8 incoming, recovery at 6 mo post injury |
GOS 1-2 15-35yr=45% 36-45yr=57% 46-64yr=54% >65yr=88% |
GOS 4-5 15-35yr=44% 36-45yr=30% 46-64yr=24% >65yr=8% |
|
(1992) USA Observational N=195 |
Patients >65yr old, GCS 3-15 incoming, recovery at 6 mo post injury by GOS |
GOS 4-5 GCS 3-8=4% GCS 9-12=12% GCS 13-15=27% |
GOS 1-2 GCS 3-8=91% GCS 9-12=71% GCS 13-15=55% |
|
(1991) USA Case Series N=661 |
Patients 15-55 and >56yr old, GCS 3-15 incoming, recovery 6mo post injury by GOS |
GOS 4-5 16-35yr=49% 36-45yr=33% 46-55yr=22% >56yr=9% |
GOS 1-3 16-35yr=51% 36-45yr=66% 46-55yr=77% >56yr=91% |
| Outcome at 12 Months Post Injury | |||
|
Menon et al. (2018) India Case Series N=73 |
Patients ≥65, 50% moderate to severe TBI, GOS recorded at 36 months post-injury. *One individual over 75 was lost to follow-up. |
GOS 1-3 Total=26% ≥75yr=45%* |
GOS 4-5 Total=74% ≥75yr=50%* |
|
(2010) Austria Case Series N=100 |
Patients ≥66yr old, GCS 3-4 incoming, mortality rate/recovery by GOS 1 yr post injury |
GOS 1-3 GCS 3-4=91% |
GOS 4-5 GCS 3-4=9% |
|
(1995) USA Observational N=466 |
Patients <70 and >70yr old, GCS 3-15 incoming, recovery 1yr post injury by GOS |
GOS 4-5 20-29yr=>75% 30-39yr=70% 40-49yr=60% 50 – 59yr=30% 60-69yr=25% >70yr=20% |
|
|
(1994) USA Observational N=243 |
Patients <60 and >60yr old, PTA <3 mo, LOC <2 wk incoming, recovery at 1 yr post injury by GOS |
GOS 4 <20yr=93% 20-39yr=90% 40-59yr=88% >60yr=53% |
GOS 2-3 <20yr=8% 20-39yr=10% 40-59yr=10% >60yr=43% |
|
(1987) USA Case Series N=330 |
Patients <60 and >60yr old, GCS ≤7 incoming, recovery at 1yr post injury by GOS |
GOS 4 0-20yr=45% 2-40yr=35% 41-59yr=15% >60yr=5% |
GOS 1 0-20yr=25% 20-40yr=32% 41-59yr=50% >60yr=70% |