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Table 8.10 Neurofeedback Training for Mood Disorders Post ABI

Author Year

Country

Research Design

PEDro

Sample Size

Methods
Outcomes
 

Bennet et al. (2018)

India

PCT

N=60

 

Population: TBI; Mean Time Post Injury= <6mo(n=30), 12-18mo(n=30)

Intervention: Participants received EEG neurofeedback training (NFT) or treatment as usual (control group). 3 NFT sessions/wk on alternate days were completed for a total of 16-20 sessions. NFT and control groups were further divided into <6mo and 12-18mo time post-injury (n=30/group). Participants were evaluated pre and post intervention. The NFT group was evaluated an additional time at 3mo follow-up with Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E).

Outcome Measure: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for symptom severity, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), serum cortisol and GOS-E.

1.       At baseline, NFT group had significantly higher VAS and PSS scores (p<0.001). Further comparisons were converted to pre-post intervention change to accommodate initial differences between groups.

2.       Compared to baseline, post intervention VAS and PSS scores were significantly lower for both <6mo and 12-18mo NFT groups (p<0.001). There were no significant changes in control group scores.

3.       Pre-post intervention change in VAS and PSS scores were significantly greater for NFT group than controls in both <6mo and 12-18mo groups. (p<0.001).

4.       Pre-post intervention change in VAS and PSS were not significantly different between the <6mo and 12-18mo groups in NFT or control groups.

5.       Compared to baseline, post intervention cortisol was significantly higher for the <6mo control group. There were no other significant between group differences in cortisol.

6.       28 of 30 NFT participants completed 3mo follow-up GOS-E. 22 showed good recovery and 6 moderate recovery.