Garland et al. (1982)

USA

Case Series

N=16

Population: TBI; Mean Age=24yr; Gender: Male=8, Female=8; Mean Time Post Injury=3.6mo.

Intervention: Records of patients who received forceful manipulation under general anesthesia were reviewed. The 28 manipulated joints included: 11 hips, 13 elbows, and 4 shoulders. Mean follow-up time was 15mo.

Outcome Measure: Degree of motion.

1.        Gains in range of motion were made in 23 joints (82%).

2.        Eighteen joints (64%) maintained or gained further motion with rehabilitation after manipulation.

3.        Seven hips (63%) gained an average of 52°, 8 elbows (62%) gained an average of 47°, 3 shoulders (75%) increased in degree of external rotation.